Terpenes

What Are Terpenes?

Terpenes are natural compounds found in plants that contribute to their aroma, flavor, and biological activity. These compounds are responsible for the distinct scents of herbs, flowers, and trees—from the citrusy smell of oranges to the earthy aroma of pine trees. Beyond their role in plant defense and fragrance, terpenes can also have biological effects in animals, including dogs.

In pet health, terpenes are often discussed in relation to botanical extracts, essential oils, and plant-based supplements. Some terpenes are known for their potential to support digestion, joint health, cognitive function, and relaxation, making them a key area of interest in natural wellness for dogs.

Why Terpenes Matter for Dogs

While terpenes are widely studied in human health and herbal medicine, they are also gaining attention in canine nutrition and wellness. Depending on their structure and source, terpenes may:

• Support digestion and nutrient absorption – Some terpenes, like piperine (from black pepper), can enhance bioavailability, helping dogs absorb nutrients more efficiently.
• Aid joint comfort and inflammation response – Certain terpenes, such as boswellic acid (from frankincense), are explored for their anti-inflammatory properties, often used in joint supplements.
• Provide calming effects – Some terpenes found in lavender, chamomile, and CBD extracts may have a relaxing influence on the nervous system.
• Act as natural antioxidants – Many terpenes exhibit free-radical-fighting properties, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress.

Common Sources of Terpenes in Canine Wellness

Pet parents may encounter terpenes in various plant-derived products used in canine health, including:

• Botanical Supplements – Terpenes are present in herbs, resins, and plant-based extracts used in dog supplements.
• Essential Oils – Many essential oils contain high concentrations of terpenes, but some can be toxic to dogs if not used properly.
• CBD and Hemp Products – CBD extracts naturally contain terpenes, which may contribute to their effects on relaxation and well-being.

Notable Terpenes in Dog Supplements

While research on terpenes in canine health is still growing, a few have established roles in dog-friendly supplements and holistic health practices:

• Piperine (from black pepper) – Known for enhancing nutrient absorption, particularly for curcumin (found in turmeric).
• Boswellic Acid (from frankincense) – Studied for its joint-supporting and inflammation-modulating properties.
• Limonene (from citrus peels) – Has a citrusy aroma and antioxidant properties, though it should be used cautiously around pets.
• Linalool (from lavender) – Common in calming formulations, potentially promoting relaxation in stressed dogs.
• Beta-Caryophyllene (found in hemp and black pepper) – A terpene that interacts with the endocannabinoid system, often associated with calming effects.

Are Terpenes Safe for Dogs?

While some terpenes offer wellness benefits, others can be irritating or toxic to dogs, especially in concentrated forms like essential oils. Pet parents should:

• Use dog-formulated supplements that include terpenes at safe, researched doses.
• Avoid direct exposure to concentrated essential oils, especially citrus, pine, and tea tree oils, which can be harmful.
• Consult a veterinarian before introducing terpene-rich supplements, particularly if a dog has existing health conditions or is on medication.